Expedition methods4 min read
What an ROV Image Records—and What It Leaves Out
A camera dive preserves a view, a timestamp, a depth, and a location. It does not automatically reveal abundance, behavior, or how common an animal is.
Expedition methods.
A camera dive preserves a view, a timestamp, a depth, and a location. It does not automatically reveal abundance, behavior, or how common an animal is.
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Expedition methods4 min read
Naming a Deep-Sea Animal from a Camera Frame
Experts can identify many animals from video, but not all images resolve a species. Confidence levels and revision history belong in the story.
Expedition methods4 min read
A Sighting Is Evidence, Not a Census
One ROV encounter can confirm that an animal was present at a place and time. It cannot by itself establish population size, rarity, or absence elsewhere.
Expedition methods4 min read
The Seafloor Map Is Still a Patchwork
Mapped tracks and broad bathymetry do not mean continuous biological knowledge. Sampling is shaped by navigation, weather, equipment, and mission priorities.
Expedition methods4 min read
Environmental DNA Adds Another Window on Deep-Ocean Life
DNA in water and sediment can detect traces of organisms without a camera encounter. It is powerful survey evidence, but it has its own limits and controls.
Expedition methods4 min read
From Dive Log to Open Record: Keeping an Observation Useful
A photograph becomes more useful when taxon, depth, time, location, and expedition context travel with it. Provenance also makes corrections possible.